Breaking waves throw fine droplets into the air. The water evaporates on the way inland and leaves a salt particle small enough to travel on an ordinary sea breeze. On Wrightsville Beach that happens every day the surf is running, which is most of them.
A pane facing east starts collecting the moment it is cleaned. You do not see it at first because individual crystals sit far below what the eye resolves. What you notice at week six is not new dirt arriving, it is the accumulated layer finally reaching the density where it scatters light.
Salt is also hygroscopic, meaning it pulls moisture out of the air. Overnight, coastal humidity gives every crystal a film of water to sit in, and by dawn the layer has effectively rewetted itself and bonded a little more firmly. That daily wet and dry cycle is what turns a cosmetic film into a chemical problem over years.